Boeing Interiors............

The 787 will seat 240 in two-class domestic configuration, with a 46-in (116.8 cm) pitch for first class and a 34-in (86.4 cm) pitch for coach class. 

296 passengers can be seated in a high-density 3+2+3 coach arrangement with 36-in (91.4 cm) Business and 32-in (81.3 cm) Coach pitch.

Up to 234 passengers may be seated in a three-class setup that uses 61-in (154.9 cm) pitch in First Class (2+2+2 or 1+2+1), 39-in (99 cm) pitch for Business (2+3+2 or 2+2+2) and 32-in (81.3 cm) for Coach (2+4+2). 

Cabin interior width is approximately 18 feet (547 cm) at armrest, and was increased by 1 inch (2.5 cm) over what was originally planned.

The 787's interior cabin width is a full 15 in (38 cm) greater than that of the Airbus A330 and A340, but 5 in (13 cm) narrower than the proposed A350-800 XWB. 

For economy class in 2+4+2 or 3+2+3 arrangements, seat-bottom widths will be 18.5 in (47 cm), comparable to that found on the Boeing 777. For 3+3+3 seating, the seat widths would be approximately 17.2 in (43.7 cm), the same as those found on the Boeing 737. 

The vast majority of airlines are expected to select the 3+3+3 configuration on the 787.

The cabin windows are larger than others currently on in-service civil air transport (27 cm by 47 cm), with a higher eye level, so passengers can see the horizon, with Electrochromism-based ";auto-dimming" to reduce cabin glare and maintain transparency. 

The Dreamliner cabin is equipped with LED lighting and electronic window shades. 

These are to be supplied by PPG. Light-emitting diode (LED) cabin lighting (three colour) will be used instead of fluorescent tubes, allowing the aircraft to be entirely 'bulbless' and have 128 colour combinations.

A version of Ethernet—Avionics Full-Duplex Switched Ethernet (AFDX) / ARINC 664—will be used to transmit data between the flight deck and aircraft systems. 

The flight deck features LCD multi-function displays, all of which will use an industry standard GUI widget toolkit (Cockpit Display System Interfaces to User Systems / ARINC 661). 

The Lockheed Martin Orion spacecraft will use a glass cockpit derived from Rockwell Collins's 787 flight deck.

Like other Boeing airliners, the 787 will use a yoke instead of a sidestick. The internal pressure will be increased to the equivalent of 6000 feet (1800m) altitude instead of the 8000 feet (2400m) on conventional aircraft. 

According to Boeing, in a joint study with Oklahoma State University, this will significantly improve passenger comfort. 

Higher humidity in the passenger cabin is possible because of the use of composites (which do not corrode). Cabin air is provided by electrically driven compressors using no engine bleed air. 

An advanced cabin air-conditioning system provides better air quality: Ozone is removed from outside air; HEPA filters remove bacteria, viruses and fungi; and a gaseous filtration system removes odours, irritants and gaseous contaminants.

for more info visit @ http://bintang.site11.com/Boeing_787/Boeing787_files/Deliveries.html

Boeing Assembly........

The final assembly for the Boeing 787 will take place at Boeing plant in Everett, Washington. The plant will employ a mere 800 to 1,200 staff who will be responsible for the final assembly of the major components of the aircraft. As with the Boeing 737, the 787 will have the construction of it’s major components contracted out the manufacturers around the globe.

Boeing manufactures the 787's tail fin at its plant in Frederickson, Washington, the ailerons and flaps at Boeing Australia, and fairings at Boeing Canada Technology. For its entire history, Boeing has guarded its techniques for designing and mass producing commercial jetliner wings. For economic reasons, the wings are manufactured by Japanese companies in Nagoya such as Mitsubishi Heavy Industries; the horizontal stabilisers are manufactured by Alenia Aeronautica in Italy; and the fuselage sections by Vought in Charleston, South Carolina, (USA), Alenia in Italy, Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Japan and Spirit AeroSystems, in Wichita, Kansas, (USA).

The passenger doors are made by Latecoere (France), and the cargo doors, access doors, and crew escape door are made by Saab (Sweden). Japanese industrial participation is very important to the project, with a 35% work share, and many of the subcontractors supported and funded by the Japanese government. On April 26, 2006, Japanese manufacturer Toray Industries and Boeing announced a production agreement involving $6 billion worth of carbon fibre. The deal is an extension of a contract signed in 2004 between the two companies and eases some concerns that Boeing might have difficulty maintaining its production goals for the 787.

On February 6, 2008, TAL Manufacturing Solutions Limited, a subsidiary of the Tata Group (India) announced a deal to deliver floor beams for the 787 from their factory at Mihan, near Nagpur, India to assembly plants in Italy, Japan and the United States.

Messier-Dowty (France) builds the landing gear and Thales supplies the integrated standby flight display and electrical power conversion system. Honeywell and Rockwell-Collins provide flight control, guidance, and other avionics systems, including standard dual head up guidance systems. Future integration of forward-looking infrared is being considered by Flight Dynamics allowing improved visibility using thermal sensing as part of the HUD system, allowing pilots to "see" through the clouds.

Connecticut (USA)-based Hamilton Sundstrand provides power distribution and management systems for the aircraft, including manufacture and production of Generator Control Units (GCUs) as well as integration of power transfer systems that can move power from the Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) and the main engines to the necessary parts and machinery of the aircraft. Cold weather test of the APU took place in Alaska.

Whilst the 737 fuselage barrels are transported by rail from Wichita to Renton, the 787 will be transported aboard converted 747 freighters call Dreamlifters which have had their fuselages widened.

On January 12, 2007, first major assemblies, forward fuselage, centre wing, and centre wheel well built by FHI and KHI were shipped on 747-400 LCF from Nagoya, Japan. They were delivered to Global Aeronautica in Charleston, South Carolina, on January 15.

On May 8, 2007, Vought rolled out completed rear Sections 47 and 48 from its factory in Charleston, SC. The sections were flown via the Dreamlifter to Everett, arriving on May 11 along with the all-composite forward section (section 41) manufactured by Spirit AeroSystems.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd. shipped the first 787 carbon-fiber wings from its factory in Nagoya to Boeing's main assembly plant in Everett on May 15, 2007.

The Dreamlifter delivered the final major assembly, the integrated midbody fuselage, to Everett on May 16.

Final assembly began on May 21 in Everett, Washington. Rolls-Royce shipped the first pair of Trent 1000 engines from their Derby, UK facilities on schedule on June 7 for installation on the Boeing 787. On June 26, 2007 LN1/ZA001 had finished major assembly and was towed to the paint hangar in the early morning.

Boeing started construction of a second 787. This one will be used for static testing and will not be flown. It will not be built with engines or horizontal stabilizers. Also, Boeing has stated reluctance in breaking the composite wing during the test, which would require an expensive cleanup afterwards.

An important milestone in the launch of the 787 was the certification of the Rolls Royce Trent 1000 engine on August 7, 2007, by both European and US regulators. The engine has seven variants and is the first engine to be certified for use on the aircraft.

On August 20, 2007, Hamilton Sundstrand stated that it had delivered its first two cabin air conditioning packs to Boeing for the initial flight-test of the 787 Dreamliner.

for more info visit @ http://bintang.site11.com/Boeing_787/Boeing787_files/Specifications.html

Boeing 787 Dreamliner manufacture..........

for more info visit @ http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2041863/Boeing-787-Dreamliner-reality-carbon-fibre-plane-delivered-Japan.html

Boeing 787 specifications

There will initially be three different variations of the 787.

They are:

B 787 – 3 Range 2,500 to 3,050 nautical miles (4,600 to 5,650 kilometres), accommodating 290 - 330 passengers.(initially ordered by All Nippon Airways for single class domestic routes.)

B 787 - 8 Range 7,650 to 8,200 nautical miles (14,200 to 15,200 kilometres), accommodating 210 - 250 passengers.

B 787 – 9 Range 8,000 to 8,500 nautical miles (14,800 to 15,750 kilometres), accommodating 250 - 290 passengers.

As well as bringing large jet ranges to a medium sized jet, the 787 will also match the speeds of larger jets, being a cruise of Mach 0.85. This will be delivered with an environmentally friendly fuel saving in the area of 20%.

Key to delivering this efficiency is a suite of new technologies

Weight is being reduced by the fact that up to 50% of the aircraft is built using composite materials, including the fuselage and wings. To put this in perspective, compare Boeings current Aircraft the 777.

Boeing 787
Composite Materials	50 Per Cent
Aluminium	20 Per Cent
Other Materials	30 Per Cent
Boeing 777
Composite Materials	12 Per Cent
Aluminium	50 Per Cent
Material Breakout of Boeing 787
Composite Materials	50 Per Cent
Aluminium	20 Per Cent
Titanium	15 Per Cent
Steel	10 Per Cent
Other	5 Per Cent

The fuselage is constructed using a single piece barrels joined end to end instead of multiple panels. This reduces the need for around 40,000—50,000 fasteners. Additionally it increased strength allowing for higher cabin pressures.

787 will carry self monitoring systems that will be able to report to ground based computer systems on the state of health of the aircraft and it’s systems.

One third of the efficiencies will come from the new technology engines. Boeing has chosen two engines to launch with; the General Electric GEnx and Rolls-Royce Trent 1000. 

Both engines will move from the old ‘bleed air systems of powering aircraft systems such as; air conditioning and start-up to electrical, thus moving to more electrical aircraft. This is weight saving as well as less power drain on the engines. 

Both engine types will have an identical interface allowing operators to fit either type of engine when required. The engine nacelles will also feature chevroned trailing edges of the casing to reduce engine noise. 

For the first time Pratt and Whitney have not had a launch product, as it is believed they could not make the business case work to develop this kind of engine. 

An Active Gust Alleviation system, similar to the system that Boeing built for the B-2 bomber, improves ride quality. Boeing, as part of its "Quiet Technology Demonstrator project, is experimenting with several engine noise-reducing technologies for the 787. 

Among these are a redesigned air inlet containing sound-absorbing materials and redesigned exhaust duct covers whose rims are tipped in a toothed pattern to allow for quieter mixing of exhaust and outside air. 

Boeing expects these developments to make the 787 significantly quieter both inside and out.

A special toilet has been designed to accommodate wheelchair passengers, a 56 inch by 57 inch lavatory has a moveable wall so that two lavatories can be converted to one to allow access.

for more info visit @ http://bintang.site11.com/Boeing_787/Boeing787_files/Specifications.html

Cessna aircraft bird strike

If you’ve ever wondered just how violent a bird strike really is, check out this harrowing cockpit video shot from the inside of a Cessna 210 a few weeks ago.

 

The two men shown in the footage took off from Brookeridge Airpark in Downers Grove, Illinois, on December 28 and struck a Canadian goose just a few moments into the flight.

 

As the airplane flew at low altitude, the large bird smashed through the windscreen, shattering glass and body parts throughout the cabin. Despite the chaotic event, the pilot was able to make a safe landing.

You choose way to fly......

The one problem with an airline’s frequent flyer programme is that you cannot pick your choice of airline when you redeem your reward points. If you like to pick and choose your airline, then opting for specialised credit cards makes sense.

Citibank — which was associated with Jet Airways in the past — pulled out its co-branded card and introduced an ‘airline agnostic’ credit card which allows you to earn miles and redeem them across airlines of your choice. Many other banks offer such schemes linked to their specialised credit cards.

Your ‘earn rate’

So, how do these cards work? When you book airline tickets using your credit card, you are rewarded with points or miles. After reaching a particular threshold, you can use these points or miles for purposes such as booking air tickets, hotels stays and car rentals, among others.

The catch, however, is that maximum points are earned only if you book through the bank’s specified Web site or channel. For example, while Citibank’s PremierMiles card allows you to earn miles for both your airline and non-airline spends, you earn 10 miles for every Rs 100 you spend on all airline bookings made at airline owned Web sites, airline counters or through premiermiles.co.in. But for all other purchases you earn only 4 miles for every Rs 100.

Citibank also has other schemes where you can earn 10 miles for non-airline related spends, but it must be done through their partners, such as Bookmyshow, Jabong and Ferns & Petals.

To make the deal sweeter, banks offer bonus points on enrolling into the scheme. In case of Citibank, 10,000 miles are credited to your account on your first transaction of at least Rs 1,000 made within 60 days of the card issuance date.

The same holds good for other banks’ credit cards, too. In case of HDFC’s Regalia you earn 8 points on every Rs 150 spent on purchases done through its Web site. On all other purchases you get half the points. In case of American Express Platinum Travel credit card, you earn one reward point for every Rs 40 spent. You earn the bonus points on signing up here, too.

Where you can spend

Earlier co-branded cards restricted spending to only one single airline or a particular place. While banks allow you to redeem against purchases only on their Web site or through their channel partners, the scope of spending is much wider.

You can redeem your Citibank PremierMiles for travel tickets across over 100 domestic and international carriers through premiermiles.co.in. You can also redeem your PremierMiles online for booking your stays at hotels worldwide and car hires in India through the Web site. Citibank also allows redemption of miles on Indigo’s Web site, goibibi.com and yatra.com.

Similarly, in case of HDFC Bank you can convert your points to Regalia voucher and book movies, flights and hotels on hdfcbankregalia.com. In case of American Express, you have the option to redeem the points for Indigo and Taj vouchers or other leading hotels or airlines.

You can also transfer your reward points to your frequent flier programme of different airlines. Citibank allows you to transfer miles to loyalty programmes of leading airlines and hotels, such as British Airways, Singapore Airlines, Air India, Taj Hotels and Hilton. In case of HDFC Bank, you can convert your points to miles at leading domestic airlines, such as Jet Airways, Air India, GoAir, Indigo and SpiceJet.

Read the fineprint

The catch in most of the cards is the miles you need to redeem against a ticket. Let’s say you bought a ticket from Delhi to Mumbai on premiermiles.co.in and earned round 593 miles. If you now need to redeem miles for the same route you need 11,876 miles.

This means you have to spend 20 times before you redeem your points for the very same flight. In case of HDFC Bank, you need fewer points to redeem — around 7,900 points. But since the earn rate is much lower than that of Citibank’s, you will need to spend 25 times before you redeem points to buy a ticket for the same route.

Thus, Citibank’s PremierMiles card does seem to score on flexibility of spending as well as higher earn rate. It also has a lower annual fee (Rs 3,000) compared with the other two (Rs 5,000). Besides, it has a unique feature where the miles you earn never expire. But there are some limitations, too. There is a limit of Rs 5 lakh per calendar year, beyond which your earn rate drops from 10 miles to 4 for every Rs 100 spent. Similarly, in case of American Express the points you earn expire after three years. Be sure to look at the fine print before you choose your credit card.

Military aircraft

Airports in India.......

b-2 spirit stealth bomber

Primary Function: Multi-role heavy bomber
Prime Contractor: Northrop Grumman Corp.
Power Plant: 4x General Electric F118-GE-100 turbofan engines
Thrust: 17,300 pounds (each engine)
Wingspan: 172 ft (52.12 m)
Length: 69 ft (20.9 m)
Height: 17 ft (5.1 m)
Weight (Empty): 160,000 lbs (72,575 kg)
Maximum Takeoff Weight (MTOW): 336,500 lbs (152,634 kg)
Payload: 50,000 lbs (22,680 kg)
Fuel Capacity: 167,000 lbs (75,750 kg)
Speed: Cruise: Mach 0.85/487 kts/560 mph (902 km/h); Max: Mach 0.95/550 kts/633 mph (1,019 km/h)
Service Ceiling: 50,000 ft (15,240 m)
Range: 6,000 nm/6,905 miles (11,118 km)
Crew: Two pilots
Price/Unit Cost: Approximately $1.16 billion (FY1998 constant dollars)
First Flight: July 17, 1989 (AV-1 Spirit of America)
Initial Operational Capability (IOC): April 1997
Aircraft Inventory: Active: 19 + 1 for testing

Top 10 most expensive military airplanes......

B-2 Spirit: $2.4 billion

The B-2 bomber was so costly that Congress cut its initial 1987 purchase order from 132 to 21. (A 2008 crash leaves the current number at 20.) The B-2 is hard to detect via infrared, acoustic, electromagnetic, visual or radar signals. This stealth capability makes it able to attack enemy targets with less fear of retaliation. In use since 1993, the B-2 has been deployed to both Iraq and Afghanistan.

F-22 Raptor: $350 million

First conceived during the Cold War as an airframe to vie with Soviet aircraft that was never built, the F-22 is touted by manufacturer Lockheed Martin as the best overall combat plane in the world — not to mention the most expensive. It can shoot down enemy cruise missiles, fly long distances at supersonic speeds and avoid nearly all types of radar detection. But the Senate debate over whether to build seven more — at a taxpayer cost of $1.67 billion — eventually came down to the plane’s job-creating abilities. The axed project would have employed 25,000 Americans.

C17A Globemaster III: $328 million

The Air Force military-transport plane is used to move troops into war zones, perform medical evacuations and conduct airdrop missions. There are 190 C17As in service; the aircraft is propelled by four turbofan engines (of the same type used on the twin-engine Boeing 757) and can drop 102 paratroopers at once. In operation since 1993, it has been used to deliver troops and humanitarian aid to Afghanistan and Iraq.

P-8A Poseidon: $290 million

Boeing’s spruced-up military version of its 737 jet will be used by the Navy to conduct anti-submarine warfare and gather intelligence. It can carry torpedoes, missiles, depth charges and other weapons. The P-8A is expected to go into service in 2013.

VH-71 Kestrel: $241 million

This high-tech helicopter project, intended to replace the President’s aging chopper fleet, was running more than 50% over budget by the time Barack Obama took office. Soon after his Inauguration, the President announced plans to scrap the helicopters because of cost overruns. On July 22, however, the House Appropriations Committee unanimously approved restoring $485 million to fund the Kestrels.

E-2D Advanced Hawkeye: $232 million

A major step forward for surveillance and reconnaissance, the Advanced Hawkeye’s powerful new radar system will increase the range of territory an aircraft can monitor by 300%. “It can probably watch the pistachios pop in Iran,” an analyst for the think tank Lexington Institute told National Defense in July. Though development of the plane is on track and two test versions have been delivered to the Navy, budget cuts may keep the planes grounded for at least a year longer than planned.

F-35 Lightning II: $122 million

Lockheed Martin’s 2001 deal to build these stealth, supersonic fighter jets was at the time the largest military contract ever. The F-35s, intended to replace an aging aircraft arsenal, were developed as part of a Joint Strike Fighter program between the U.S. and its allies and were criticized as underpowered and overweight — and therefore easy targets. Making matters worse, from 2007 to 2008, cyberspies infiltrated the 7.5 million lines of computer code that powered the Joint Strike Fighter, raising concerns that enemies could copy the F-35′s design and exploit its weaknesses. In April 2009, Lockheed Martin said it did not believe the program had been compromised.

V-22 Osprey: $118 million

This tiltrotor aircraft, which takes off and lands like a helicopter but can fly faster and farther like a fixed-wing plane, was first used in combat in Iraq in 2007. The Osprey’s production has been bedeviled by design and construction problems: the craft claimed the lives of at least 30 Marines and civilians during its development alone (former Vice President Dick Cheney tried repeatedly to ground the plane). Still, because of its range and versatility, the Marine Corps plans to deploy a squadron of V-22s to Afghanistan by the end of the year.

EA-18G Growler: $102 million

Hot off the presses, the Growler is a lightly armed version of the F/A-18 fighter that has been updated for electronic warfare (it is currently being delivered to the Navy). Growlers are capable of not only finding and disrupting anti-aircraft radar, but also jamming enemy communications.

F/A-18 Hornet: $94 million

First entering service in the 1980s, the twin-engine fighter plane was the U.S.’s first strike fighter — an aircraft capable of attacking both ground and aerial targets. It has seen action in Operation Desert Storm and as the aircraft of the Navy’s Blue Angels Flight Demonstration Squadron. The F/A-18 is also used by Canada, Australia, Finland, Kuwait, Malaysia, Spain and Switzerland.

Sky Whale its cool....

Sky whale- As cool as it can be!

Created by Spanish designer Oscar Vinals, the AWWA Sky Whale would be bigger than the Airbus A380 jumbo jet, and would be more technologically advanced.

The belly of his plane would be so round that it could fit three levels and 755 passengers. The decks would be divided according to class - first class at the top, business in the middle and economy at the bottom. It would also feature engines that Vinals claims would be able to tilt up to 45 degrees and make it possible for the plane to take off on the spot.

And if it crashes the passenger section of the aircraft would separate from the wings, to hopefully limit the number of deaths.

Even cooler, it would have a 'self-healing' skin, although it hasn't been explained how this would be possible.The wings would reach 88m long, 8m longer than that of the A380. The aircraft would also be 77m long, compared to the A380 which is just under 68m long.

There is one downside: some passengers would have to go without windows, but never fear, instead there would be 'virtual reality' screens to show different settings.

The plane will also be more efficient than current aircraft thanks to a hybrid turbo-electric propulsion system, and its curves will reduce drag.

for more info visit @ http://www.news.com.au/travel/travel-updates/is-the-bizarre-sky-whale-the-future-of-air-travel/story-e6frfq80-1226803843362

how jetlev works ?

how airplanes fly ?

Do you want to become Aeronautical engineer

China's new hypersonic missile

The WU-14 hypersonic glide vehicle (HGV) is part of China's extremely secretive missile development program, which has been quietly modernizing the country's conventional and nuclear missile systems. The missile test itself was not broadcast among any public channels but was detected, an anonymous Pentagon official confirmed with the Washington Free Beacon, flying at extremely high speeds over mainland China on January 9. And while details of the HGV are very slim at this point, analysts believe it works much like the HGV's developed by other nations including the US, India and Russia.

It's assumed that the HGV is launched aboard an ICBM, separates from the missile's final stage while still in space, some 62 miles above the planet's surface, and then zooms back into the atmosphere at more than ten times the speed of sound-around mach 10 or 7,680 miles per hour. That's fast enough to enter American airspace before we even react. By comparison, today's cruise missile technology tops out at around 500 to 600 mph.

This prospect does not sit well with many members of Congress, including Republican House Armed Services Committee members Rep. Howard P. "Buck" McKeon, Rep. Randy Forbes and Rep. Mike Rogers. The three issued a joint statement last Tuesday calling for a redoubling of American efforts to maintain pace with the rate of Chinese military developments.

"While round after round of defense cuts have knocked America's technological advantage on its back, the Chinese and other competitor nations push towards military parity with the United States; in some cases, as in this one, they appear to be leaping ahead of us," the statement read. "This situation does nothing to support peaceful coexistence in the Pacific. We have dithered for three decades now, delaying badly needed replacement equipment for our troops, relying on hardware that was built during the Reagan years."

Falcon HTV2

Top 10 biggest aircraft deals - 2013

1. Emirates  - $76 billion

The Dubai-based airline owned by the local government made history at the Dubai Air Show in November with the biggest single order ever for Boeing: 115 firm orders for the 777X-9X and 35 for 777-8Xs. Those two newest versions of the successful 777 twinjet haven't flown yet; they will enter service around 2020, and that's why Boeing does not include them in its official price list yet, although their prices can be deduced from other deals.   

2. Etihad Airways - $26.9 billion

Also at the Dubai Air Show, the Abu Dhabi-based airline announced it had bought 50 Airbus A350s, 36 of the smaller A320neo medium-range jets, and one A330-200 freighter.

3. Etihad Airways - $25.2 billion

At the same time, the fast-growing Etihad said it had ordered 17 Boeing 777X-9X, 8 of the smaller 777-8X, 30 of the  787-10 Dreamliner, and one 777-200 freighter.

4. Lion Air - $24 billion

The Indonesian budget airline, which in 2012 had set the previous record for Boeing's biggest order with a $22 billion commitment for 737s, also bought from Airbus in 2013, with 169 A320s and 65 A321. This was the biggest order ever for the European consortium. 

5. Emirates - $20 billion

On the same day it announced its record-breaking order for Boeing, Emirates also said it had placed 50 firm orders for the Airbus A380. Emirates is already the largest operator of the world's biggest passenger airplane, and this was the largest order ever for the giant double-decker jet, each costing $404 million, according to the published Airbus price list (but airlines get discounts for orders of this size -- and Airbus is trying hard to move the A380, which has sold a relatively paltry 259 units so far).  

6. Qatar Airways - $19 billion

Also at the Dubai Air Show, whose 2013 edition broke the record for most orders at an aviation trade event, another state-owned Mideast carrier, Qatar Airways, announced a commitment for 50 Boeing 777-9X.

7. Ryanair - $15.6 billion

Ryanair Holdings PLC (DUB:RYA), the biggest budget airline in Europe, ordered 175 Boeing 737-800s -- the only airplane it flies -- for $15.6 billion.

8. FlyDubai - $11.4 billion

The budget airline that's also owned by the government of Dubai, like Emirates, bought 100 Boeing 737 Max -- the re-engined, more fuel-efficient version of the world's best-selling jetliner, that will enter service in 2017 -- and 11 of the current-model 737-800. That order was also announced in November at its hometown air show.

9. EasyJet PLC - $11 billion

London-based low-fare airline EasyJet Plc (LON:EZJ) stayed with Airbus for its fleet renewal and expansion with an $11 billion order for 35 current-model A320s and 100 re-engined A320neo models.

10. Japan Airlines - $9.5 billion

Tokyo-based Japan Airlines Co. Ltd. (TOK:9201), historically a Boeing-only airline, also made history by switching to Airbus for the first time with an order for 18 A350-900s and 13 A350-1000s.

Top 10 fastest aircraft aircraft in the world

10. F-15 Eagle - Introduced into Air Force combat squadrons in 1976, the F-15 is a tactical fighter with a published speed capability of 1,875 miles per hour.

9. Aardvark F-111 – The first F-111 aircraft were delivered to the Air Force in 1967. The tactical fighter was designed initially for the Navy, but was used primarily by the Air Force in the Vietnam war. It carried one 20mm M61A1 cannon and up to 24 conventional or nuclear weapons, and had a published maximum speed of 1,452 miles per hour.

8. MiG-31 FoxHound -  Mikoyan-Gurevish’s MiG-31 is classified as an “all-weather interceptor and ECM aircraft.” Initially mistaken by western intelligence as a “superdogfighter,” the MiG-31 has a published maximum speed of 1,865 miles per hour.

7. Bell X-2 “Starbuster”- According to NASA, “The Bell X-2 was a rocket-powered, swept-wing research aircraft designed to investigate the structural effects of aerodynamic heating as well as stability and control effectiveness at high speeds and altitudes.” On 9/27/1956, Capt. Milburn G. Apt and the X-2 were the first pilot and aircraft to travel three times the speed of sound, reaching 2,094 miles per hour just before control divergence caused the X-2 to fatally tumble to the ground.

6. XB-70 Valkyrie – The XB-70A Valkyrie was built by North American Aviation for the U.S Air Force Strategic Air Command as a high-altitude bomber. Due to funds limitations only two XB-70 aircraft were built, and those were used instead as research aircraft for advanced study of aerodynamics. The published maximum speed of the Valkyrie is Mach 3.1 or 2,056 miles per hour.

5. MiG-25 Foxbat – Another Mikoyan-Gurevish all-weather interceptor, the MiG-25 is one of the fastest combat aircraft ever produced, capable of speeds in excess of Mach 2.83. The MiG-25 was designed as a countermeasure for the XB-70 Valkyrie.

4. SR-71 Blackbird – The Lockheed SR-71 design originated in the 1950′s and the first flight of a Blackbird was completed in late 1964. The SR-71 is designed to cruise at the unthinkable speed of 2,200 miles per hour and is capable of doing so for over an hour. According to NASA, “NASA crews flew four Lockheed SR-71 airplanes during the 1990s. Two were used for research and two to support Air Force reactivation of the SR-71 for reconnaissance missions.” The final flight of the SR-71 was on 10/9/1999.

3. X-15 – This rocket-propelled aircraft was built for military use by the California North American Aviation plant. According to Boeing, “It exceeded its design specifications of 4,000 miles per hour and altitudes up to 50 miles.” Boeing’s history pages indicate, “Air Force Capt. William “Pete” Knight took the X-15A-2 to the fastest speed recorded during the program, Mach 6.7, during an Oct. 3, 1967 flight.” Boeing also, oddly, claims, “A new version, known as the X-15A-2, designed for flight at eight times faster than sound, at an altitude of 100,000 feet and creating potential temperatures of over 2400 degrees Fahrenheit, was turned over to the U.S. Air Force by the Los Angeles plant in February 1964.”

2. X-43A – Described by NASA as a “hypersonic, scramjet-powered research aircraft” the X-43A broke its own Guinness World Record for speed by a jet-powered aircraft on 11/16/2004. The X-43A’s final flight yielded a speed of almost 7,000 miles per hour (Mach 9.6).

1. Space Shuttle -   NASA’s space shuttle is the fastest aircraft in the world. It began setting records with its first launch on April 12, 1981 and continued to set high marks of achievement and endurance through 30 years of missions. Starting with Columbia and continuing with Challenger, Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour, the spacecraft has carried people into orbit repeatedly, launched, recovered and repaired satellites, conducted cutting-edge research and built the largest structure in space, the International Space Station. The final space shuttle mission, STS-135, ended July 21, 2011 when Atlantis rolled to a stop at its home port, NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida

antonov an-225

Microsoft flight simulator x gold edition

you can download this game in fullversion here : http://games.torrentsnack.com/microsoft-flight-simulator-x-gold-edition-pc/

Aircraft tow machine

F-19A Specter specifications

Wing structure

SU-25 aircraft specifications

Aircraft Seat Manufacture.............

Airline business makes its revenue and in turn profit per seat per mile flown. 

Naturally it is in their best interest to put more seats in the aircraft and the airline manufacturers have to oblige to see that its customers remain profitable. 

From 31 inch it may be reduced in future to 25 inch to accommodate more passengers. 

I recollect Principle 16 Partial or Excessive Action which reads “ If exactly the right amount of action is hard to achieve , use “ slightly less” or “slightly more” of the action, to reduce or eliminate the problem”. 

Now seating ( Slightly Less) & standing ( Slightly More) what we consider as actions then the principle 16 perfectly fits in here.

The pictures below speak comparison, so will not be explicit. These days people take blogs and Tweets seriously, if only it’s politically correct for them, I hope you know what I mean.

Wright Brothers engine